Good grain alcohol shellac varnish can be classed as indispensable for a first coating for hard pine, and you need not trouble yourself as to its standing under subsequent coats of paint or varnish.
We cannot give you any formulas for a fireproof shingle stain, and do not believe that such a material can be made, though fireproofing of wood under pressure has been accomplished with fairly satisfactory results. But it is nonsensical to believe that simply dipping shingles into a stain will make it fire-resisting, as it stands to reason that a stain to penetrate sufficiently to make it durable …
The very best polish for the purpose is cold pressed linseed oil.
We take it for granted, in considering this, that you do not consider first cost, but that you wish to prepare oil stains that will wear well and will not fade or look unsightly for a reasonable period. We would point out that a pigment stain is the most durable in point of permanency, and that aniline colors had better be avoided. If the shingles are for roofs from which water is to be collected …
We do not think that these dustless floor oils are used as much now as they were several years ago, because of the ruin wrought on ladies' dresses in stores and public places, where the material was used on floors. We understand that it is a good dust layer in storerooms, warehouses, etc., but that it collects dirt so much that it finally leaves a .bad crust on floors. The following is considered …
We have received a communication from a brother craftsman in Canada, who says that he has had experience in that line and found the following plan to work out satisfactorily : When the plush was not too much blackened and the nap or pile not too much worn, the seats were made as bright and clean as new. First, a thorough scouring with a good stiff brush dipped into a solution of one ounce concentr…
Dissolve Rochelle salts in gum arabic water and let it stand about 12 hours.
Boil one pound of logwood in one pint of water until the water is strongly colored. Give two coats of this decoction to the floor, applying it evenly. and uniformly. This dry,. go over it with a solution of copperas in water. A good black stain will be the result, which, after sizing, may be varnished, but rubbing it with a polish of beeswax and turpentine gives a still better effect. Removing Whi…
A number of badly weather beaten houses that had not been painted for years were to be repainted. The painter asked if he could make a good job by using for the first coat glue water and ocher, and then putting on two coats of lead and linseed oil paint. e do not approve of ocher alone as a priming for wood, even when mixed with pure linseed oil, and always advocate the addition of white lead for …
As linseed oil does not actually freeze unless the temperature is less than r8 deg.
If you wash the surface with strong vinegar after you have restored the natural color of the wood by an oxalic acid solution and give it time to dry out thoroughly, it will have no effect whatever on your varnish or its wearing qualities.
The inside of a stable having rough plastered walls and brick arched ceiling was painted in the fall with oil paint. But during the winter the ceiling dripped with moisture and the coachman attempted to wash it with soap and water, when the paint came off like whitewash. It is well known that ammonia vapors form in stables, and that during the winter especially, when there is little airing of such…
A painter states that his method of doing enamel white or China gloss finish on interior woodwork is to prime with pure white lead and oil with some turpentine, following this with two coats of lead in oil thinned with turps, then two or three coats white enamel finish or zinc white ground in damar varnish and thinned with damar varnish. Some manufacturers of enamel paints have told him their good…
The specifications for finishing the inside of a large refrigerator in white enamel provided that nothing should be used which would give off any odor, and that it must resist hot or cold water, acids, lye, etc. Your specifications are such that we do not care to give you any suggestion and accept the responsibility for its success or failure. We rather believe that there is no so-called enamel pa…
Enamel paint should not be applied direct to cement surface, but should be treated same as a plaster will, for reasons of economy and durability.
if the interior enamels offered by paint manufacturers do not give you the satisfaction desired, then purchase strictly pure French zinc ground in damar varnish, which any reputable paint house can supply you with, and beat the paste with a little turpentine to the consistency of a medium thick batter, then reduce it with sufficient white damar varnish to make it like a varnish of good body. This …
English, Chinese and French are of one and the same composition and come under the head of quicksilver vermilion, no matter where made. The quicksilver vermilion made in the United States is known under the name of English, and when sold in bulk it is usually branded quicksilver vermilion. In Europe it is simply known as vermilion or cinnabar red, while the aniline substitutes are known as vermili…
In the following, wages are taken at $3.25 per day of eight hours. In order to give you an idea as to what we consider the proper material for three-coat work, we must necessarily go into details, using prevailing retail prices as basis for cost. First coat or priming for new work : - ioo lbs. pure white lead @ 6c. per lb $6.00 6 gals. raw linseed oil @ 6oc. per gal 3.60 i gal. japan drier @ $1 pe…
In repapering a room where the color of the old paper had stood all right, the old paper was well soaked and scraped off and the walls and ceiling sandpapered well, and repapered with a paper at 4o cents per roll, a light blue tint for ceiling and frieze, and a darker shade of blue on the wall. The frieze and ceiling paper turned white, except in a few spots, while the wall color stood all right. …
Mix 3 parts by weight of keg lead that is fairly stiff with 5 parts black filler, 2 parts whiting and 5 parts silica or silex, which make into a stiff paste with a mixture of 2 parts each of ordinary rubbing varnish and coach japan, and i part of turpentine by measure. If not dark enough to suit, use dry lampblack to deepen. Use this paste as a putty for the sandholes and other rough places, press…
The only filler for this wood is good, pure shellac varnish.
The very best filler that we know of for this class of work is shellac varnish, but we take it for granted that you want a shellac substitute, something that will cost you far less than shellac varnish.
The cement or filling for the letters of metal signs is-made by mixing intimately equal parts of asphaltum, shellac and lamp black. The asphaltum and shellac must be powdered, and the mixture is applied by heating the plate and melting in the cement, smoothing it off with a warm iron. Scrape off the surplus carefully and hold a warm iron over the letters to glaze their surface. Black sealing wax w…
If black, make a putty-like mass of asphaltum, brown japan and dry lampblack and fill the spaces.
Trouble occurred in repainting an old plastered wall, the filled-in cracks showing much darker than the rest of the surface. From the statement of the painter it appeared that he had simply cut out the cracks and filled them with a plaster of paris putty without, however, taking the precaution to stop the suction in the new plaster, with which the cracks were filled. While it is perfectly proper t…
The walls should have an eggshell gloss finish if the bronze is to be used over all of the walls.
The most attractive finish was desired for the walls and woodwork of dining room and parlor in a house costing about $2,000: the question was also asked whether it would be in good taste to finish both rooms alike.
While our experience in this line is rather limited, we know of several bowling alleys recently put up in the basements of club houses, the beds of which were made of hard maple 4 inches by ti inches. laid in cement, edges up, the boards first oiled and firmly nailed together, the surface planed and smooth sandpapered. Then a coat of hot, boiled linseed oil was given, which, when well absorbed, wa…
We should remove the floor oil from the floors with benzine, that is, if there is any on the surface ; and melt the paraffine wax in a water bath, thinning it with turpentine, apply to the floor and polish with a floor brush.
The wood is first filled with a paste that is made of bolted whiting, boiled oil and japan and thinned with turpentine. This filler is applied to the work with an ordinary bristle brush, usually 6-o size. When coated, and before it has time to set, the surplus filler is removed with rags or waste, always wiping across the grain, in order to have it filled properly. When the filler is dry and hard …
The work of finishing hard Wood mantels is similar to that of finishing any hard wood furniture, and depends very much upon the quality of the goods and their selling price. To go into details, it would be necessary for us to know the particular kind or the various kinds of hard wood to be finished, and therefore we can only give an outline of the ordinary practice. Assuming that the wood is white…
The process of polishing violins, guitars, banjos, etc., is of French origin, and is as follows: First a coat of shellac varnish is given to the wood. When dry it is carefully glass-papered, then a small quantity of alcohol shellac is poured into one dish and a similar quantity of clear linseed oil into another dish. Now a small piece of cotton is rolled tip in a piece of soft chamois skin and tie…
Use old files and wire brushes to thoroughly remove all the old paint and loose scales, wash down with benzine and allow to dry.
The only reliable finish for this class of tops is the old fashioned oil polish, as neither varnish polish by the American or French process will stand the continual wetting and the effect of the liquids. Oil polish will stand this and allow the tops to remain in good condition. The process, though very simple, is very tedious and therefore not much in favor, but if customers are willing to pay fo…
Southern yellow pine doors were first sandpapered and dusted off, then given one coat of oil shellac, and when this was dry a finishing coat of excellent spar varnish was applied. This was done in the spring, but in the summer they checked off in places, and in the early fall some of the finish came off in large blotches, leaving the wood hare. Yellow pine surface is very difficult to make any kin…
We have not a great deal of faith in the fire resisting properties of paint that contains oil in any form, and believe thorough impregnation of wood the only real safeguard.
If the checks are not too prominent, we should advise one or two coats of good rubbing varnish, which will conceal all of this very objectionable feature.
Ammonium chloride, as well as alum solution, are recommended, also waterglass, and these are probably the cheapest mediums for the purpose.
We do not believe that a really fireproof paint is or has ever been in existence. From the materials suggested in the following, we think, however, that the preparation is fire resisting,' though we cannot see how it would stand, as is claimed, exposure to all sorts of weather for thirty years. The formula as published is: Equal parts by weight of common salt, 41um, silicate of soda (water glass) …
We should advise you to buy your flat brick red from a reputable manufacturer, and thin it as per directions, when you will find that you have a good, flat job, well bound. If, however, you wish to mix the color yourself, would advise you to mix a good Venetian red in oil with yellow ocher in oil to produce the proper shade, then mix some dry bolted whiting in brown japan to a paste and add five p…
Tuscan red is composed chiefly of oxide of iron, enriched by the addition of lake, and all oxide of iron pigments have a tendency to go flat, unless the undercoats are thoroughly hard and dry before finish is applied.
Soft wood floors are naturally much more difficult to prepare and keep in order than those of hard wood, because the wood itself is so much more subject to being marred.
Flowing on is the opposite of brushing out, and means that the varnish or paint is to be applied in a heavy coat and not crossed or recrossed more than is necessary, so as to give the material an opportunity to level itself to a mirror-like surface.
If you desire a quick drying, lustrous black enamel for carriage tops, prepare it as follows: Melt nine pounds of best asphaltum with one-half pint of boiled oil, being careful not to let it boil over, take to a safe distance from the fire, and while stirring the mass add gradually one-half gallon spirits of turpentine.
Oil gold size can be made in many ways. For commercial purposes the simplest method is to place boiled linseed oil in a suitable pot and boil at a gentle heat to the point of ignition, then set fire to it and let it burn until it becomes thick and put on a cover to extinguish the flames. Strain through silk and thin to proper consistency with oil of turpentine. A little medium chrome yellow or yel…
The following formulas are approximate, and judgment must be used, increasing or decreasing the quantity of oil color to obtain the desired result. The beauty of the stain depends on the richness of tone and the fineness of grinding of the oil colors employed. Cherry Stain. - To two pounds burnt sienna and one pound raw sienna, add one-half gallon boiled linseed oil, one quart best brown japan and…
If you desire to effect an imitation of ebony by staining oak, we will furnish you with the following: The wood is immersed for forty-eight hours in a hot, saturated solution of alum and then brushed over several times with a decoction of logwood made as follows: Boil one pound of best rasped logwood in ten pounds of water, filter through linen and with gentle heat evaporate so much of the liquid …
Make a paste composed of hydraulic lime and silicate of soda (soluble glass).
After soaking the brushes for a few days in raw linseed oil, get a good sized unplaned board, not too rough, fill the brush and work out on the board, bearing on hard.
You should have stated what the dome to be gilded consists of, whether it is made of wood or metal, and if the latter, what does the metal consist of ; in other words, is it iron, tin, copper or brass? To take the leaf well, the surface should be primed and the priming depends very much on the character of the material. If the surface of the dome is wood, apply several coats of paint, until a perf…
Stop the suction in that part of the letter that is to be gilded with one or two applications of shellac varnish ; then give .one good coat of oil color, preferably chrome yellow.
The following formula is given by the Scientific American for water gilding brass or copper : Convert 61 pennyweight of fine gold into chloride and dissolve this in one quart distilled water, then add one pound bicarbonate of potassium and boil the mixture for two hours. Insert the articles to be gilded into the warm solution for a few seconds up to one minute, according to the activity of the bat…
The glass of a hall door was gilded in the early fall. It stood all right till cold, damp weather came on, when it began to sweat, which caused the leaf to loosen its hold on the glass, the moisture apparently working under the edges of the letters. A thick asphaltum was used for backing, applying two coats. Gum arabic size was used. We believe from your description that your backing did not cover…
It is an easy matter for us to tell others how the work should be done, but a more difficult matter for others to do it without a good deal of practice. However, we shall endeavor to explain to you the method by which others do the work successfully. Your attention is first called to the proper preparation of your size, which may consist of a solution of gum arabic, isinglass or white sheet glue. …
It is best to use the pure gold leaf for gilding on glass; otherwise gold bronze powder might as well be employed. The isinglass size is best for gilding on glass, be the work smooth or embossed. We have never known any quick varnish size to hold gold. leaf on glass for more than one or two seasons, no matter how well the work was backed up, while pure leaf laid in isinglass size double we have kn…
Use the same kind of size for laying your leaf as you do in warm weather, but see that your glass is first thoroughly rubbed with a solution of one ounce each of nitric acid and acetic acid in one-half pint of water, and then cleaned in the ordinary way with soft water and whiting, and when the whiting is dry, polish with chamois skin.
Don't expect the formulas given will always work at sight or on the first trial. When an experiment fails to produce the result looked for, it is best to study over the formula and then think a while over the matter and find out, if possible, what omission may have caused the failure. You might have had better success if you had used formula No. i in No. 139. Your solution may have been wrong or y…
Although there are still some pure linseed oil and whiting putties on the market, you have evidently had none of them. Most putty is made from a mixture of whiting and marble dust, or marble dust and putty oil alone, and you may imagine what putty oil is. The latter is a substitute for linseed oil to be used in making putty and may be recognized by the grease it leaves on top of the putty after gl…
Raw sienna is not transparent enough for a glaze on leaf. and Dutch pink is out of the question altogether.
Inquiry was made in regard to gold bronze used for striping and ornamenting wagons that appeared to have stood as well as gold leaf. The gold bronze on the wagons you mention may derive its durability from being pure gold bronze powder, which is made by grinding leaf gold with pure honey until the leaves are broken up and the mineral is finely divided. Then the mixture is removed from the stone sl…
On two smalted board signs the gold leaf tarnished in one year to look like brass.
To make your own putty without the required machinery a tedious and wearisome job. Glaziers' putty is made of whiting and raw linseed oil; at least pure putty should be so made. It requires 85 pounds of whiting and 15 pounds of linseed oil, and to make it properly take bolted American Paris White and mix it with oil as stiff as you can, then take this soft dough and add more whiting, which can onl…
To begin with, close grained wood, like whitewood, is best for imitation of rosewood. The tools required are a flat brush, blender, fitches, camel's hair pencil and sponge. The wood is first primed with white lead, that is strongly tinted with Indian red, tinted with oil, turps and japan, so as to dry semi-flat. The ground - that is, the next coat over the priming - should be drop black, so mixed …
Greens are next in order, and next to the reds there is quite a selection, of which chrome greens are most notable. There are blue-toned chrome greens and yellow-toned chrome green, chemically pure chrome greens, and many are sold under fancy or proprietory brands or names. When they are chemically pure it is usually so stated on the label, but the commercial brands contain anywhere from lo to 35 …
The Brunswick green in distemper, which is acted on by alum, or caustic lime, is not the Brunswick green of years ago, which was a basic chloride of copper, now quite obsolete.
To make a good green stain for woodwork take chemically pure green, ground in oil, for the proper shade, and add japan sufficient to make it dry and thin the resulting mixture with spirits of turpentine or naphtha.
Prepare first a thin glue size by soaking good animal glue over night in cold water and melting it next morning in the usual water bath. Strain it, before using, through old linen or cheesecloth into a clean vessel. Sandpaper smooth and dust the articles, then apply with a soft-bristle brush two or three coats of the size, allowing sufficient time for each coat to harden before applying the next. …
This question is a timely one in view of the inflammable nature of the material stored in the shops or storerooms, and the careless or rather thoughtless manner in which many shops are taken care of. While fires, even with the utmost carefulness, cannot always be prevented, many of them could be traced directly to the loose way in which simple precautions are neglected. Strict regulations for the …
You may run your hangings all the way up to the ceiling, if you relieve the monotony by placing a molding at about i6 to t8 inches below the ceiling all around the room.
We will begin by giving you a few practical hints. In hanging paper, where the room has been occupied for a time, it is essential that the room be cleaned, the flbor washed, the ceiling and walls well brushed down, and, if there are any flyspecks visible, washed down. When beginning work the paper hanger should have handy a piece of pumice stone, a basin of clean water, a clean sponge and towel, a…
Yellow pine casings and white pine doors were given a coat of sublac in place of filler, and two coats of hard oil. The owner bought the materials from a hardware house. Both sublac and hard oil were thinned with turpentine. A few months later the finish scaled, powdered and turned white and could be readily removed by rubbing with the finger. If the sublac and hard oil were too stout to work prop…
If you wish to go to the trouble of graining the beads in the casings in a room that is to be grained in maple, dark cherry will do very well, but if you simply wish to paint the beads to produce a harmonious effect with the graining in maple, we should advise you to use a silver gray tint or an ivory tint, made with raw sienna, or a subdued tint of ?old rose.
The question was asked whether it was advisable to run steam pipes into dipping vats to keep the paint warm and make it run or drip more freely. Although we have no direct experience in that line, we may say that the idea strikes us as an excellent one, providing the pipes can be so placed that they will not interfere with the proper working of the vat, and held at such a temperature that part of …
Red lead and yellow ocher will not make a good orange color, as both are too dull.
We must assume that you refer to interior work in white or in tints. On new woodwork a priming of white lead in oil, a second coat of white lead, thinned with equal parts oil and turps and a third coat of white lead, thinned all turps, with a small portion of white japan in each, is sufficient for a good foundation for a good flat finish, providing brush marks have been avoided and the last coat o…
This work is clone by etching with acid. To make a brass sign, procure the suitable metal, clean the surfacci and paint it with asphaltum varnish, leaving the letters or ornaments unpainted. Put a border of soft beeswax around the edge high enough to hold the acid. Dilute nitric acid with five times the quantity of water and pour this diluted acid on the surface about one-quarter inch deep. When t…
After thorough cleansing of the cast iron articles, immerse them over night in a saturated solution of sulphate of copper and they will acquire that color. When coated, they must be well washed in clear water. To bronze polished steel put into a large enough bottle one quart methylated spirits, eight ounces gum shellac and one ounce gum benzoin. Set the bottle in a warm place and shake the bottle …
Chamois skins should never be left in water after using, but should be wrung out and hung up to dry, and spread out carefully so as to leave no wrinkles; neither should they he used to wipe soft colors, because paint stains form hard spots and help to wear out the skins more rapidly.
The interior of a fine dwelling in a Southern city was finished with French zinc white and damar varnish. Twenty years later the surface appeared yellow with age, though showing no pronounced checks, except in places where the light was strong. The owner thought two coats of zinc white in damar varnish would be sufficient, and the painter asked for advice. We should strongly advise you against mak…
Coat over very thinly the gold back of the transfer with coach varnish, and you need not be particular whether you get the varnish on the paper outside of the figure or not.
English vermilion (or quicksilver vermilion) is sulphide of mercury. and very easily affected by strong light, which in time will turn it very dark, no matter how well protected by varnish. The pale shade will darken much more rapidly than the deep shade. There is no protection against that ; it is in the ,nature of the material. American vermilion, or chrome red, is the basic chromate of lead, an…
You must remember that you cannot produce a really good golden oak finish unless the wood you are staining is either white or red oak and has the proper grain. On these woods you use a good paste wood filler colored with burnt umber, then stain the wood with a mixture of, say, one pound burnt Turkey umber in oil and one pint of turpentine asphaltum varnish, thinned with one-half pint best brown ja…
The effect in oak finishing, known as "golden," is not produced by the filler alone ; in fact, the filler has very little to do with the result. The wood must be stained before it is filled, and of course, the filler must be so colored or stained as not to mar or dull the effect. A mixture of gold size japan and genuine asphaltum varnish in about equal parts, thinned with turpentine, makes a good …
In a water bath dissolve two ounces of sal soda or one ounce powdered borax in one gallon of water, and when the soda or borax has dissolved and the water is boiling, put in your gum shellac, one pound, cover the kettle, ?tir occasionally until the gum is thoroughly dissolved.
After scouring the spots with moistened sand, apply a solution of one pound of oil of vitriol and two quarts of water. If this discolors the wood to any extent, bleach with a saturated solution of oxalic acid. If the ink stains are not too old, an application of a paste made of chloride of lime and water will also remove them. The paste is put over the spots in a fairly thick layer and allowed to …
There are various methods for wood polishing; the oldest method known is oil polish,'which is very simple. Apply either raw or boiled linseed oil to the wood, but not in a heavier film than the wood can absorb. Take a heavy block of wood and nail a piece of felt to it or wrap the felt around a square piece of stone and rub the surface until na more oil is to be noticed. Let this stand for a few da…
This question has too many sides to answer in these columns, and it depends upon the class of work to be done.
A liquid preparation for silvering mirrors may be made as follows : Take one part, by weight, of lead, one part of tin, one part bismuth. Melt these together, and before the mass cools or sets add ten parts mercury. Your this liquid on the glass so that it covers all the surface, then let it drain off quickly. When the liquid has become perfectly dry and hard on the glass it may be coated with fla…
Old gilt frames may be cleaned by simply washing them with a soft sponge of suitable size wet with urine, hot spirits of wine or spirits of turpentine. The sponge must not be too wet, simply damp enough to take off the dirt and fly-specks. The frames must not be wiped dry, but allowed to dry of themselves. If this does not make them lustrous enough, the frames must be regilded, which is done by ma…
If your tar paint consists of pine tar, use spirits of turpentine to reduce it to free spreading consistency.
Mix your roughstuff to a stiff paste, and after taking from it the quantity immediately needed put the balance into a white lead keg, level the roughstuff down nicely and cover it with a piece of stout paraffine or parchment paper, which will exclude the air.
See No. 6o4, but for your special benefit we would add that if your creosote stains fade badly and your oil stains become darker on exposure, you have not taken care to allow for change in drying out and have not selected your coloring matter with a view to fastness to light. Take a good quality of liquid paint of the proper color, or take oil color and thin with raw linseed oil to the consistence…
Very little experience is required to prepare or mix shingle stains, using creosote as a vehicle. Dry pigments, such as mineral red and brown, ocher (yellow or red), Vandyke brown, burnt or raw umber, burnt or raw sienna, lampblack, zinc white, etc., may be employed either singly or in combination as the staining material. The pigments must be in powdered form, impalpably fine and bone dry and are…
We think the simplest way to accomplish this is to give the soft pine door a few thin coats of orange or brown shellac or one coat of orange shellac and a finishing coat of hard oil finish that is not too pale, while the balance of the room that consists of hard pine, should be given a coat of pale orange shellac and a coat or two of extra light hard oil.
Copper, like bronze, when exposed to the influence of the atmosphere, becomes oxidized on the surface and this film or incrustation so formed, which is known by the technical term patina, will resist further oxidation and upon it any good oil paint will gain a firm hold, unless there be grease or dust deposit present.
For graining in oil, thin your paste colors with boiled oil and turpentine.
Commercial stove blacking paste is usually made by grinding graphite in water through a mill to impalpable fineness.
The addition of a half pint of kerosene oil to an ordinary bucket of water will give the best results as to bright appearance when the mopping is carefully done ; but the addition of aqua ammonia and spirits of turpentine, say four tablespoonfuls former and two tablespoonfuls of the latter to a three-gallon bucket of water, will leave the tiles both clean and bright, even if the mopping is done carelessly.
Proceed in the same manner as you would in smalting a sign ; be particularly careful that your groundwork is dry and hard and not too flat, so that the flock will not stick to the letters. The color you cut in with must be heavy and slow drying, but not fat or greasy, or it will spread and produce ragged edges. Bear in mind, however, that flock should be used for sheltered signs only, and not for …
Some luminous paints are ground in and mixed with copal varnish ; some with heavy bodied linseed oil ; others with melted paraffine wax or japan wax and olive oil, and last, but not least, with silicate of soda. Your sense of smell will probably enable you to determine what is required for thinning. For use on glass, however, no other medium but wax will answer, and do not forget that in order to …
Failure to dissolve white (bleached) shellac in grain alcohol shellac so that it remains in suspension may be due to inferiority of the gum or to lack of strength in the alcohol. When the bleached, shellac gum is pure and in good condition and the alcohol between 92 and 95 per cent., there should be no appreciable settling out of the gum. When we speak of 92 per cent. alcohol, we mean that the liq…
Take two parts by weight of bleached or orange shellac, according to your necessities as to color, three parts by weight of spirits of camphor and four parts by weight of 95 per cent. grain alcohol, put all in a well stoppered bottle, shake frequently and when the shellac has dissolved it is ready for use as a cement to fasten celluloid to wood, tin, iron or other metal, and also to glass.
See that the surface is well planed and smoothly sandpapered ; add some burnt sienna to a good paste wood filler ; thin the same with turpentine to the consistency of varnish, and apply it in the usual mannner ; wipe off the surface in from 15 to 20 minutes and let it stand at least 36 hours; then sandpaper lightly and dust off carefully. To do a first-class job two coats of good shellac varnish s…
In the first place the floor must be scoured thoroughly and allowed to become thoroughly dry. The cracks must be cleaned of all dirt, and if an oil putty is used, the edges of the cracks should be saturated with linseed oil, boiled or raw, to which some drier is added. If the cracks are not over a quarter of an inch in width, a pure linseed oil and whiting putty, to which some dry white lead and e…
Paste filler may be used on black or red birch, but it is not an absolute necessity, as it is rather close grained.
If we had been given particulars or details as to what kind of wood the bar is made of, especially the front and top, also whether there is a handrail around it and whether there is any carved work. etc., we could have answered this question much more intelligently. However, we will do the best we can and assume that it is new work and that the wood is either oak, mahogany or walnut. You may leave…
The very best, though not the cheapest, way to finish white pine is to see that the work is well sandpapered with the grain, then thoroughly dusted.
While it is a difficult problem to hang burlap on a board wall or ceiling when the lumber is not well seasoned, we do not see why the burlap should bulge out at the points if you follow the rules for hanging it on such surfaces, unless the lumber should warp and crack in places. In such cases there is no other preventative except to let the lumber become thoroughly dry first, then plane off all pr…
The grain of cypress is somewhat like that of yellow pine, but is broader in the heart and finer grained.
If the walls are to be painted in red, prime or first coat them with a good Venetian red that is ground in linseed oil, thinned with raw linseed oil and a little good oil drier. Rub this prime in well and after drying putty up the joints with a good linseed oil and whiting putty that has been colored with Venetian red. The priming coat should not weigh over ten pounds to the United States gallon. …
Over the primer one coat of white lead in oil, thinned with equal parts of raw oil and turps.
The best cement for this purpose has been used with success for many years at the Zoological Gardens, London, and consists of the following: One-half pint by measure each of finely powdered litharge, fine, white, dry sand and plaster of paris, and one gill of finely powdered rosin are intimately mixed with boiled linseed oil and some paste drier and beaten thoroughly into a putty-like mass, which …
Grind 7 pounds of zinc white and 3 pounds of air-slaked lime in one quart of fat linseed oil, then add one quart of waterglass of 33 deg., and stir into the mixture 5 pounds dry white lead and i pound sulphate of zinc.
This is a difficult proposition. We can give you formula for making good varnish for wagon work, but we cannot teach you how to make it. In the first place we doubt whether you have the necessary apparatus to make it successfully, and in the next place, it takes quite a little experience to make it properly. Therefore we should advise you to buy your material from reliable manufacturers, as in our…
When newly plastered walls have been so badly frozen that a powder appears on the surface like new plaster, which can be brushed off with the hand or broom, and in other places falls off in flakes, it is almost an impossibility to make the paper stick, from the fact that you are working on a loose 'surface. The only sure way is to remove the white coating and replaster. There are. some other metho…